Green AIDS

The three main transmission routes of HIV are sexual contact, exposure to infected body fluids or tissues, and from mother to fetus or child. It is possible to find HIV in the saliva, tears, and urine of infected individuals. The majority of HIV infections are acquired through unprotected sexual relations between partners.

The primary mode of HIV infection worldwide is through sexual contact. During a sexual act, only male or female condoms can reduce the risk of infection .The best evidence to date indicates that typical condom use reduces the risk of heterosexual HIV transmission by approximately 80%.

Health care workers can reduce exposure to HIV by using precautions to reduce the risk of exposure. These precautions include barriers such as gloves, masks, protective eyewear or shields. Frequent and thorough washing of the skin immediately after being contaminated with blood can reduce the chance of infection.

Current recommendations state that when replacement feeding is acceptable. HIV-infected mothers should avoid breast-feeding their infant.

For example, we think that the high schools should have four sessions one per month, in all the year to teach children about the importance of preventing AIDS. It should emphasize safe sex and the use of condoms. Our NGO will have conferences around the Spain, these tips will all be given and renewed over the years and continue to study about safe sex, safety in health and teaching mothers about gestation period.

We believe in the power of the collaboration. Therefore meet together all partners, including community organizations, Aboriginal organizations, the private sector, academia, health and social service providers, governments and people living with HIV/AIDS. Research is an important element of the strategy. Because of that we are going to do this meetings for the people see the problems and everything to motions and with different proposals to promote the donations and all this money prost into a cure for AIDS and promote the education for the young people to prevention the AIDS.

WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE PROBLEM?

AIDS is the consequence of infection with HIV. HIV is a retrovirus that primarily infects vital organs of the human immune system. Once HIV has killed so many vital cells known as CD4+ T there are fewer than 200 of these cells per micro liter of blood. The median time of progression from HIV infection to AIDS is nine to ten years. The median survival time after developing AIDS is only 9.2 months.

Older people have weaker immune systems, and therefore have a greater risk than younger people. Poor access to health care and the existence of infections such as tuberculosis.

HIV seeks out and destroys the vital cells known CD4+ during the later stages of the infection. A vigorous immune response controls the infection and initiates the clinically latent phase. However, CD4+ T cells in mucosal tissues remain depleted throughout the infection, although enough remain to initially ward off life-threatening infections. Immune activation, which is reflected by the increased activation state of immune cells and release of proinflammatory cytokines. Another cause is the breakdown of the immune surveillance system of the mucosal barrier caused by the depletion of mucosal CD4+ T cells during the later phase of disease.

A major cause of CD4+ T cell loss appears to result from their heightened susceptibility to apoptosis when the immune system remains activated. Although new T cells are produced by the thymus to replace the ones lost, the regenerative capacity of the thymus is slowly destroyed by direct infection of its thymocytes by HIV. Eventually, the minimal number of CD4+ T cells necessary to maintain a sufficient immune response is lost, leading to AIDS.

WHAT CAUSES THE PROBLEM ?

The symptoms of AIDS are primarily the result of conditions that do not normally develop in individuals with healthy immune systems. Most of these conditions are infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites that are controlled by the elements of the immune system. Also, people with AIDS often have systemic symptoms of infection like fevers, sweats, swollen glands, chills, weakness and weight loss.

Pulmonary infections

Pneumocystis pneumonia is rare in healthy, immunocompetent people, but common among HIV-infected individuals. Tuberculosis (TB) is unique among infections associated with HIV. Is not easily treatable once identified.
Symptoms are usually constitutional and are not localized to one particular site, often affecting bone marrow, bone, urinary and gastrointestinal tracts, liver, regional lymph nodes, and the central nervous system.

Gastrointestinal infections

Esophagitis is an inflammation of the lining of the lower end of the esophagus. In HIV infected individuals, this is normally due to fungal or viral infections. Unexplained chronic diarrhea in HIV infection is due to many possible causes, in some cases, diarrhea may be a side effect of several drugs used to treat HIV, or it may simply accompany HIV infection.

Neurological and psychiatric involvement

Neurological and psychiatric involvement HIV infection may lead to a variety of neuropsychiatric sequelae, either by infection of nervous system by organisms, or as a direct consequence of the illness. it usually infects the brain, it can cause fevers, headache, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting.

Tumors and malignancies

Tumors and malignancies patients with HIV infection have increased incidence of several cancers. This is primarily due to co-infection with an oncogenic DNA virus. Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common tumor in HIV-infected patients. Invasive cervical cancer in HIV-infected women is also considered AIDS-defining. It is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). In addition to the AIDS-defining tumors listed above, HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of certain other tumors.

WHAT IS THE REACHING OF THE PROBLEM? HOW MANY PEOPLE AND WHAT PARTS OF THE WORLD IT AFFECTS THE MOST?

AIDS is now a pandemic^.In 2007, it was estimated that 33.2 million people lived with the disease worldwide. AIDS killed an estimated 2.1 million people. Over three-quarters of these deaths occurred in sub-Saharan Africa.
Genetic research indicates that HIV originated in west-central Africa during the late nineteenth or early twentieth century. AIDS was first recognized by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1981. Although treatments for AIDS and HIV can slow the course of the disease, there is no known cure or vaccine. Antiretroviral treatment reduces both the mortality and the morbidity of HIV infection, but these drugs are expensive and routine access to antiretroviral medication is not available in all countries. Due to the difficulty in treating HIV infection, preventing infection is a key aim in controlling the AIDS pandemic.
Sub-Saharan Africa is by far the worst affected region. In 2007 it contained an estimated 68% of all people living with AIDS. Unlike other regions, most people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa were women. AIDS continued to be the single largest cause of mortality in this region.
South Africa has the largest population of HIV patients in the world, followed by Nigeria and

India

. South & South East Asia are second worst affected.

India

has an estimated 2.5 million infections .
In the United States, young African-American women are also at high risk for HIV infection. This is due to a lack of information about AIDS .
In the

U.S.A.

is most common in rural areas and in the southern states.

WHAT DOES THE PROBLEM CONSISTS OF ?

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This condition progressively reduces the effectiveness of the immune system and leaves individuals susceptible to opportunistic infections and tumors. HIV is transmitted through direct contact of a mucous membrane or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid, and breast milk. This transmission can involve anal, vaginal or oral sex, blood transfusion, contaminated hypodermic needles, exchange between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding or other exposure to one of the above bodily fluids.